Comparison of 3 Total Intravenous Anesthetic Infusion Combinations in Adult Horses
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چکیده
The objective of this study was to compare 3 total intravenous anesthetic infusion combinations in adult horses for cardiopulmonary changes, muscle relaxation, duration of recumbency, and quality of recovery. This was a prospective, randomized, crossover, experimental study. Six healthy, adult, mixed-breed horses weighing 460 ± 30 kg were used. The 3 total intravenous anesthetic combinations used were: guaifenesin-ketamine-xylazine (1 L of 5%-500 mg-1000 mg) (GKX), diazepam-ketamine-xylazine (50 mg-1000 mg-500 mg) (DKX) in 1 L physiologic saline, and ketamine-xylazine (1000 mg-500 mg) (KX) in 1 L physiologic saline. Each horse was premedicated with 500 mg of xylazine IV and induced with 1000 mg of ketamine IV. The anesthesia was maintained with 1 L of each combination at 2.2 mL/kg/hr IV with a minimum of 1 week between treatments. A 50-mL bolus was administered if the horse showed voluntary movement or movement in response to stimuli. If multiple boluses failed to stop the movement or the movement became dangerous to the horse or personnel, the anesthesia was discontinued. Heart rate, respiratory rate, and temperature were measured prior to and at 5-minute intervals during anesthesia. Direct blood pressures and estimated arterial oxygen saturation via pulse oximetry (SpO2) were also recorded every 5 minutes during anesthesia. Oxygen at 15 L/min was provided by nasal insufflation if the horse failed to maintain a SpO2 above 85%. Arterial blood samples were drawn for blood gas analysis at 20 minute intervals. Infusion time, time to sternal, and time to standing were recorded and a subjective evaluation of analgesia, muscle relaxation, and recovery were made. GKX provided excellent anesthesia for all 6 horses for 52 ± 7 minutes with only mild decreases in arterial blood pressures compared with the 2 other infusions. DKX provided adequate anesthesia in 5 out of the 6 horses. However, length of anesthesia was shorter at 45 ± 12 minutes and muscle relaxation and analgesia were less than with GKX. With KX, anesthesia for 3 of 6 horses was aborted due to movement. Anesthesia time for KX was 33 ± 10 minutes. Arterial blood pressure was higher in the DKX and KX groups than in the GKX group. DKX would be adequate for mildly stimulating procedures at this rate, but is not an equivalent substitute for GKX. KX is not adequate anesthesia at this rate.
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تاریخ انتشار 2007